Spoiler: Biology: The human body contains 1.2 to 1.5 gallons of blood (4.5 to 5 liters). It accounts for approximately 10% of total body weight. Blood travels through the body theory arteries, veins, and capillary. Arterial blood can be distinctly identified as bright red while venous as dark red. As you start to lose blood volume, your heart will begin to beat faster to make up for lost blood pressure. This is known as compensated shock. When the body is unable to beat fast enough to maintain blood pressure, likely characterized by huge about of blood loss, your body will enter decompensated shock. Death will soon follow. It takes roughly 5 weeks (minimum) to the body to replenish 5% or 500 cc's of blood.
Depending on what is vessel is cut and how it is cut will effect blood loss. A cut along the a major artery of vein can cause death in minutes. If an artery or vein is cut partially, blood loss will be worse then if it was cut cleanly. This is to the quality of vessels being able to close off if they are completely severed. Being partially cut only invites the pressure in the arteries to open up the cut more. Cutting along an blood vessel will also cause more bleeding then across.
Prognosis:
500 cc lost / 10% of blood
- Mental state- Aroused
- Heart rate- Increased
- Death?- No
1000 cc / 20% of blood
- Mental state- Aroused +
- Heart rate 100+
- Death?- No
1500 cc / 30% of blood
- Mental state- Alert but anxious
- Heart rate 100+
- Increased respiratory rate
- Death?- Probably not
2000 cc / 40% of blood
- Mental state- Confused
- Heart rate 120+
- Drastically increased respiratory rate
- Death? Maybe
2500 cc Blood Loss / 50% of blood
- Mental state- Unconsious
- Heart rate 140+
- Respiratory rate- Agonal
- Death? Likely
Treatment- Immediate treatment should be to assess where the bleeding is coming from. If it is superficial and seems to be clotting- leave it alone. If the wound is gushing bright red blood, then consider your options. Attempt to allow the bleeding to stop by applying pressure. Keep the patient warm with their legs raise and head down to improve blood flow to the brain. Give the patient fluid and.or blood transfusions intravenously as necessary. Give the patient oxygen to breath which will treat the low oxygen they will have and increase blood clotting system.
If the wound has cut an artery in the extremity, it's life or limb. Apply a tourniquet (can be made with just cloth and a pencil) above the site and tighten until blood flow ceases from the wound. This likely means the effected extremity below the tourniquet will be removed in the hospital setting, but it may save the patients life.
Poison
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Gunshot wounds/size]
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[size=150]Blunt force trauma
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Sleeper choke hold
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Burns
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